Task 5

Task 5
In this lecture, global energy situation in respect to technology, sources, efficiency, sustainability, and environmental perspective are discussed in brief. Energy sustainability is, the production and consumption of energy which can meet all the three criteria like, economic sustainable, social sustainable and environmental sustainable. If any one of these three criteria is missing, the energy system not to considered sustainable any more. There is a correlation between power generation and carbon dioxide production in the global perspective. More is the energy generation; the more is the carbon dioxide production. The rich nations, so therefore, are more responsible for GHG emissions.
Electric power generation and consumption must be balanced, if there is mismatching between these two, then instantly power generator release or absorb the inertial energy. For minimizing the mismatch between generation and consumption, storage systems is necessary, but such high energy storage system is not practical to be built though for very small system battery is used for the backing up. The centralized power generation has some advantages and disadvantage over the off grid distributed power generation. As example, the centralized power system has low per unit generation cost than the decentralized one but it needs very high initial cost. The remote areas which are far away form the existing grid may be considered as the sustainable electrification by the distributed generation. Among the renewable energy, the solar energy has the greatest potential than the others, it has potential which is 2850 times much than the current energy demands; and among the fossil energy, the coal has the highest potential i.e.  416000 EJ energy whereas energy consumption is 465 EJ per year.
Among the sustainable technology for generation of power, the most commonly are; biomass, solar, wind, hydro, geothermal, and oceanic sources. One problem for biomass energy is that, it contains high proportion of moisture and its calorific value is lower. Solar electricity is yet very expensive and hydro power has environmental consequences unless it is very small or micro scale. The wind technology also needs very expensive backup systems.